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# Copyright (C) 2001-2020, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# Maintained by the python-doc-es workteam.
# docs-es@python.org /
# https://mail.python.org/mailman3/lists/docs-es.python.org/
# Check https://github.com/python/python-docs-es/blob/3.8/TRANSLATORS to
# get the list of volunteers
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.12\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-11-21 16:38-0300\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-10-15 20:19-0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Carlos A. Crespo <lvccrespo@gmail.com>\n"
"Language: es\n"
"Language-Team: python-doc-es\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Generated-By: Babel 2.16.0\n"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:5
msgid "An Informal Introduction to Python"
msgstr "Una introducción informal a Python"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:7
msgid ""
"In the following examples, input and output are distinguished by the "
"presence or absence of prompts (:term:`>>>` and :term:`...`): to repeat the "
"example, you must type everything after the prompt, when the prompt appears; "
"lines that do not begin with a prompt are output from the interpreter. Note "
"that a secondary prompt on a line by itself in an example means you must "
"type a blank line; this is used to end a multi-line command."
msgstr ""
"En los siguientes ejemplos, la entrada y la salida se distinguen por la "
"presencia o ausencia de prompts (:term:`>>>` y :term:`...`): para repetir el "
"ejemplo, escribe todo después del prompt, cuando aparece; las líneas que no "
"comienzan con un prompt son emitidas desde el intérprete. Ten en cuenta que "
"en un ejemplo un prompt secundario en una linea en solitario significa que "
"debes escribir una línea en blanco. Esto se utiliza para finalizar un "
"comando multilínea."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:16
msgid ""
"You can toggle the display of prompts and output by clicking on ``>>>`` in "
"the upper-right corner of an example box. If you hide the prompts and "
"output for an example, then you can easily copy and paste the input lines "
"into your interpreter."
msgstr ""
"Puede alternar la visualización de mensajes y salida haciendo clic en "
"``>>>`` en la esquina superior derecha de un cuadro de ejemplo. Si oculta "
"las indicaciones y la salida para un ejemplo, puede copiar y pegar "
"fácilmente las líneas de entrada en su intérprete."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:23
msgid ""
"Many of the examples in this manual, even those entered at the interactive "
"prompt, include comments. Comments in Python start with the hash character, "
"``#``, and extend to the end of the physical line. A comment may appear at "
"the start of a line or following whitespace or code, but not within a string "
"literal. A hash character within a string literal is just a hash character. "
"Since comments are to clarify code and are not interpreted by Python, they "
"may be omitted when typing in examples."
msgstr ""
"Muchos de los ejemplos de este manual, incluso aquellos ingresados en el "
"prompt interactivo, incluyen comentarios. Los comentarios en Python "
"comienzan con el carácter numeral, ``#``, y se extienden hasta el final "
"visible de la línea. Un comentario quizás aparezca al comienzo de la línea o "
"seguido de espacios en blanco o código, pero no dentro de una cadena de "
"caracteres. Un carácter numeral dentro de una cadena de caracteres es sólo "
"un carácter numeral. Ya que los comentarios son para aclarar código y no son "
"interpretados por Python, pueden omitirse cuando se escriben los ejemplos."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:31
msgid "Some examples::"
msgstr "Algunos ejemplos::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:33
msgid ""
"# this is the first comment\n"
"spam = 1 # and this is the second comment\n"
" # ... and now a third!\n"
"text = \"# This is not a comment because it's inside quotes.\""
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:42
msgid "Using Python as a Calculator"
msgstr "Usando Python como una calculadora"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:44
msgid ""
"Let's try some simple Python commands. Start the interpreter and wait for "
"the primary prompt, ``>>>``. (It shouldn't take long.)"
msgstr ""
"Probemos algunos comandos simples de Python. Inicia el intérprete y espera "
"el prompt primario, ``>>>``. (No debería tardar mucho.)"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:51
msgid "Numbers"
msgstr "Números"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:53
msgid ""
"The interpreter acts as a simple calculator: you can type an expression at "
"it and it will write the value. Expression syntax is straightforward: the "
"operators ``+``, ``-``, ``*`` and ``/`` can be used to perform arithmetic; "
"parentheses (``()``) can be used for grouping. For example::"
msgstr ""
"El intérprete funciona como una simple calculadora: puedes introducir una "
"expresión en él y este escribirá los valores. La sintaxis es sencilla: los "
"operadores ``+``, ``-``, ``*`` y ``/`` se pueden usar para realizar "
"operaciones aritméticas; los paréntesis (``()``) pueden ser usados para "
"agrupar. Por ejemplo::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:59
msgid ""
">>> 2 + 2\n"
"4\n"
">>> 50 - 5*6\n"
"20\n"
">>> (50 - 5*6) / 4\n"
"5.0\n"
">>> 8 / 5 # division always returns a floating-point number\n"
"1.6"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:68
msgid ""
"The integer numbers (e.g. ``2``, ``4``, ``20``) have type :class:`int`, the "
"ones with a fractional part (e.g. ``5.0``, ``1.6``) have type :class:"
"`float`. We will see more about numeric types later in the tutorial."
msgstr ""
"Los números enteros (ej. ``2``, ``4``, ``20``) tienen tipo :class:`int`, los "
"que tienen una parte fraccionaria (por ejemplo ``5.0``, ``1.6``) tiene el "
"tipo :class:`float`. Vamos a ver más acerca de los tipos numéricos más "
"adelante en el tutorial."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:72
msgid ""
"Division (``/``) always returns a float. To do :term:`floor division` and "
"get an integer result you can use the ``//`` operator; to calculate the "
"remainder you can use ``%``::"
msgstr ""
"La división (``/``) siempre retorna un número decimal de punto flotante. "
"Para hacer :term:`floor division` y obtener un número entero como resultado "
"puede usarse el operador ``//``; para calcular el resto puedes usar ``%``::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:76
#, python-format
msgid ""
">>> 17 / 3 # classic division returns a float\n"
"5.666666666666667\n"
">>>\n"
">>> 17 // 3 # floor division discards the fractional part\n"
"5\n"
">>> 17 % 3 # the % operator returns the remainder of the division\n"
"2\n"
">>> 5 * 3 + 2 # floored quotient * divisor + remainder\n"
"17"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:86
msgid ""
"With Python, it is possible to use the ``**`` operator to calculate powers "
"[#]_::"
msgstr ""
"Con Python, es posible usar el operador ``**`` para calcular potencias [#]_::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:88
msgid ""
">>> 5 ** 2 # 5 squared\n"
"25\n"
">>> 2 ** 7 # 2 to the power of 7\n"
"128"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:93
msgid ""
"The equal sign (``=``) is used to assign a value to a variable. Afterwards, "
"no result is displayed before the next interactive prompt::"
msgstr ""
"El signo igual (``=``) se usa para asignar un valor a una variable. Después, "
"no se muestra ningún resultado antes del siguiente prompt interactivo::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:96
msgid ""
">>> width = 20\n"
">>> height = 5 * 9\n"
">>> width * height\n"
"900"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:101
msgid ""
"If a variable is not \"defined\" (assigned a value), trying to use it will "
"give you an error::"
msgstr ""
"Si una variable no está \"definida\" (no se le ha asignado un valor), al "
"intentar usarla dará un error::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:104
msgid ""
">>> n # try to access an undefined variable\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
" File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"NameError: name 'n' is not defined"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:109
msgid ""
"There is full support for floating point; operators with mixed type operands "
"convert the integer operand to floating point::"
msgstr ""
"Hay soporte completo de punto flotante; operadores con operando mezclados "
"convertirán los enteros a punto flotante::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:112
msgid ""
">>> 4 * 3.75 - 1\n"
"14.0"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:115
msgid ""
"In interactive mode, the last printed expression is assigned to the variable "
"``_``. This means that when you are using Python as a desk calculator, it "
"is somewhat easier to continue calculations, for example::"
msgstr ""
"En el modo interactivo, la última expresión impresa se asigna a la variable "
"``_``. Esto significa que cuando se está utilizando Python como "
"calculadora, es más fácil seguir calculando, por ejemplo::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:119
msgid ""
">>> tax = 12.5 / 100\n"
">>> price = 100.50\n"
">>> price * tax\n"
"12.5625\n"
">>> price + _\n"
"113.0625\n"
">>> round(_, 2)\n"
"113.06"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:128
msgid ""
"This variable should be treated as read-only by the user. Don't explicitly "
"assign a value to it --- you would create an independent local variable with "
"the same name masking the built-in variable with its magic behavior."
msgstr ""
"Esta variable debe ser tratada como de sólo lectura por el usuario. No le "
"asignes explícitamente un valor; crearás una variable local independiente "
"con el mismo nombre enmascarando la variable con el comportamiento mágico."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:132
msgid ""
"In addition to :class:`int` and :class:`float`, Python supports other types "
"of numbers, such as :class:`~decimal.Decimal` and :class:`~fractions."
"Fraction`. Python also has built-in support for :ref:`complex numbers "
"<typesnumeric>`, and uses the ``j`` or ``J`` suffix to indicate the "
"imaginary part (e.g. ``3+5j``)."
msgstr ""
"Además de :class:`int` y :class:`float`, Python admite otros tipos de "
"números, como :class:`~decimal.Decimal` y :class:`~fractions.Fraction`. "
"Python también tiene soporte incorporado para :ref:`complex numbers "
"<typesnumeric>`, y usa el sufijo ``j`` o ``J`` para indicar la parte "
"imaginaria (por ejemplo, ``3+5j``)."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:142
msgid "Text"
msgstr "Texto"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:144
msgid ""
"Python can manipulate text (represented by type :class:`str`, so-called "
"\"strings\") as well as numbers. This includes characters \"``!``\", words "
"\"``rabbit``\", names \"``Paris``\", sentences \"``Got your back.``\", etc. "
"\"``Yay! :)``\". They can be enclosed in single quotes (``'...'``) or double "
"quotes (``\"...\"``) with the same result [#]_."
msgstr ""
"Python puede manipular texto (representado por el tipo :class:`str`, "
"conocido como \"cadenas de caracteres\") al igual que números. Esto incluye "
"caracteres \"``!``\", palabras \"``conejo``\", nombres \"``París``\", "
"oraciones \"``¡Te tengo a la vista!``\", etc. \"``Yay! :)``\". Se pueden "
"encerrar en comillas simples (``'...'``) o comillas dobles (``\"...\"``) con "
"el mismo resultado [#]_."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:157
msgid ""
"To quote a quote, we need to \"escape\" it, by preceding it with ``\\``. "
"Alternatively, we can use the other type of quotation marks::"
msgstr ""
"Para citar una cita, debemos \"escapar\" la cita precediéndola con ``\\``. "
"Alternativamente, podemos usar el otro tipo de comillas::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:160
msgid ""
">>> 'doesn\\'t' # use \\' to escape the single quote...\n"
"\"doesn't\"\n"
">>> \"doesn't\" # ...or use double quotes instead\n"
"\"doesn't\"\n"
">>> '\"Yes,\" they said.'\n"
"'\"Yes,\" they said.'\n"
">>> \"\\\"Yes,\\\" they said.\"\n"
"'\"Yes,\" they said.'\n"
">>> '\"Isn\\'t,\" they said.'\n"
"'\"Isn\\'t,\" they said.'"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:171
msgid ""
"In the Python shell, the string definition and output string can look "
"different. The :func:`print` function produces a more readable output, by "
"omitting the enclosing quotes and by printing escaped and special "
"characters::"
msgstr ""
"En el intérprete de Python, la definición de cadena y la cadena de salida "
"pueden verse diferentes. La función :func:`print` produce una salida más "
"legible, omitiendo las comillas de encuadre e imprimiendo caracteres "
"escapados y especiales::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:175
msgid ""
">>> s = 'First line.\\nSecond line.' # \\n means newline\n"
">>> s # without print(), special characters are included in the string\n"
"'First line.\\nSecond line.'\n"
">>> print(s) # with print(), special characters are interpreted, so \\n "
"produces new line\n"
"First line.\n"
"Second line."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:182
msgid ""
"If you don't want characters prefaced by ``\\`` to be interpreted as special "
"characters, you can use *raw strings* by adding an ``r`` before the first "
"quote::"
msgstr ""
"Si no quieres que los caracteres precedidos por ``\\`` se interpreten como "
"caracteres especiales, puedes usar *cadenas sin formato* agregando una ``r`` "
"antes de la primera comilla::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:186
msgid ""
">>> print('C:\\some\\name') # here \\n means newline!\n"
"C:\\some\n"
"ame\n"
">>> print(r'C:\\some\\name') # note the r before the quote\n"
"C:\\some\\name"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:192
msgid ""
"There is one subtle aspect to raw strings: a raw string may not end in an "
"odd number of ``\\`` characters; see :ref:`the FAQ entry <faq-programming-"
"raw-string-backslash>` for more information and workarounds."
msgstr ""
"Hay un aspecto sutil en las cadenas sin formato: una cadena sin formato no "
"puede terminar en un número impar de caracteres ``\\``; consultar :ref:`en "
"preguntas frequentes <faq-programming-raw-string-backslash>` para obtener "
"más información y soluciones."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:197
msgid ""
"String literals can span multiple lines. One way is using triple-quotes: "
"``\"\"\"...\"\"\"`` or ``'''...'''``. End of lines are automatically "
"included in the string, but it's possible to prevent this by adding a ``\\`` "
"at the end of the line. The following example::"
msgstr ""
"Las cadenas de texto literales pueden contener múltiples líneas. Una forma "
"es usar triples comillas: ``\"\"\"...\"\"\"`` o ``'''...'''``. Los fin de "
"línea son incluidos automáticamente, pero es posible prevenir esto agregando "
"una ``\\`` al final de la línea. Por ejemplo:"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:202
msgid ""
"print(\"\"\"\\\n"
"Usage: thingy [OPTIONS]\n"
" -h Display this usage message\n"
" -H hostname Hostname to connect to\n"
"\"\"\")"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:208
msgid ""
"produces the following output (note that the initial newline is not "
"included):"
msgstr ""
"produce la siguiente salida (tener en cuenta que la línea inicial no está "
"incluida):"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:210
msgid ""
"Usage: thingy [OPTIONS]\n"
" -h Display this usage message\n"
" -H hostname Hostname to connect to"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:216
msgid ""
"Strings can be concatenated (glued together) with the ``+`` operator, and "
"repeated with ``*``::"
msgstr ""
"Las cadenas se pueden concatenar (pegar juntas) con el operador ``+`` y se "
"pueden repetir con ``*``::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:219
msgid ""
">>> # 3 times 'un', followed by 'ium'\n"
">>> 3 * 'un' + 'ium'\n"
"'unununium'"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:223
msgid ""
"Two or more *string literals* (i.e. the ones enclosed between quotes) next "
"to each other are automatically concatenated. ::"
msgstr ""
"Dos o más *cadenas literales* (es decir, las encerradas entre comillas) una "
"al lado de la otra se concatenan automáticamente. ::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:226
msgid ""
">>> 'Py' 'thon'\n"
"'Python'"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:229
msgid ""
"This feature is particularly useful when you want to break long strings::"
msgstr ""
"Esta característica es particularmente útil cuando quieres dividir cadenas "
"largas::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:231
msgid ""
">>> text = ('Put several strings within parentheses '\n"
"... 'to have them joined together.')\n"
">>> text\n"
"'Put several strings within parentheses to have them joined together.'"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:236
msgid ""
"This only works with two literals though, not with variables or expressions::"
msgstr ""
"Esto solo funciona con dos literales, no con variables ni expresiones::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:238
msgid ""
">>> prefix = 'Py'\n"
">>> prefix 'thon' # can't concatenate a variable and a string literal\n"
" File \"<stdin>\", line 1\n"
" prefix 'thon'\n"
" ^^^^^^\n"
"SyntaxError: invalid syntax\n"
">>> ('un' * 3) 'ium'\n"
" File \"<stdin>\", line 1\n"
" ('un' * 3) 'ium'\n"
" ^^^^^\n"
"SyntaxError: invalid syntax"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:250
msgid ""
"If you want to concatenate variables or a variable and a literal, use ``+``::"
msgstr ""
"Si quieres concatenar variables o una variable y un literal, usa ``+``::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:252
msgid ""
">>> prefix + 'thon'\n"
"'Python'"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:255
msgid ""
"Strings can be *indexed* (subscripted), with the first character having "
"index 0. There is no separate character type; a character is simply a string "
"of size one::"
msgstr ""
"Las cadenas de texto se pueden *indexar* (subíndices), el primer carácter de "
"la cadena tiene el índice 0. No hay un tipo de dato diferente para los "
"caracteres; un carácter es simplemente una cadena de longitud uno::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:259
msgid ""
">>> word = 'Python'\n"
">>> word[0] # character in position 0\n"
"'P'\n"
">>> word[5] # character in position 5\n"
"'n'"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:265
msgid ""
"Indices may also be negative numbers, to start counting from the right::"
msgstr ""
"Los índices también pueden ser números negativos, para empezar a contar "
"desde la derecha::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:267
msgid ""
">>> word[-1] # last character\n"
"'n'\n"
">>> word[-2] # second-last character\n"
"'o'\n"
">>> word[-6]\n"
"'P'"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:274
msgid "Note that since -0 is the same as 0, negative indices start from -1."
msgstr ""
"Nótese que -0 es lo mismo que 0, los índice negativos comienzan desde -1."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:276
msgid ""
"In addition to indexing, *slicing* is also supported. While indexing is "
"used to obtain individual characters, *slicing* allows you to obtain a "
"substring::"
msgstr ""
"Además de los índices, las *rebanadas* (slicing) también están soportadas. "
"Mientras que la indexación se utiliza para obtener caracteres individuales, "
"*rebanar* te permite obtener una subcadena::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:279
msgid ""
">>> word[0:2] # characters from position 0 (included) to 2 (excluded)\n"
"'Py'\n"
">>> word[2:5] # characters from position 2 (included) to 5 (excluded)\n"
"'tho'"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:284
msgid ""
"Slice indices have useful defaults; an omitted first index defaults to zero, "
"an omitted second index defaults to the size of the string being sliced. ::"
msgstr ""
"Los índices de las rebanadas tienen valores por defecto útiles; el valor por "
"defecto para el primer índice es cero, el valor por defecto para el segundo "
"índice es la longitud de la cadena a rebanar. ::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:287
msgid ""
">>> word[:2] # character from the beginning to position 2 (excluded)\n"
"'Py'\n"
">>> word[4:] # characters from position 4 (included) to the end\n"
"'on'\n"
">>> word[-2:] # characters from the second-last (included) to the end\n"
"'on'"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:294
msgid ""
"Note how the start is always included, and the end always excluded. This "
"makes sure that ``s[:i] + s[i:]`` is always equal to ``s``::"
msgstr ""
"Nótese cómo el inicio siempre se incluye y el final siempre se excluye. Esto "
"asegura que ``s[:i] + s[i:]`` siempre sea igual a ``s``::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:297
msgid ""
">>> word[:2] + word[2:]\n"
"'Python'\n"
">>> word[:4] + word[4:]\n"
"'Python'"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:302
msgid ""
"One way to remember how slices work is to think of the indices as pointing "
"*between* characters, with the left edge of the first character numbered 0. "
"Then the right edge of the last character of a string of *n* characters has "
"index *n*, for example::"
msgstr ""
"Una forma de recordar cómo funcionan las rebanadas es pensar que los índices "
"apuntan *entre* caracteres, con el borde izquierdo del primer carácter "
"numerado 0. Luego, el punto derecho del último carácter de una cadena de *n* "
"caracteres tiene un índice *n*, por ejemplo ::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:307
msgid ""
" +---+---+---+---+---+---+\n"
" | P | y | t | h | o | n |\n"
" +---+---+---+---+---+---+\n"
" 0 1 2 3 4 5 6\n"
"-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:313
msgid ""
"The first row of numbers gives the position of the indices 0...6 in the "
"string; the second row gives the corresponding negative indices. The slice "
"from *i* to *j* consists of all characters between the edges labeled *i* and "
"*j*, respectively."
msgstr ""
"La primera fila de números da la posición de los índices 0...6 en la cadena; "
"La segunda fila da los correspondientes indices negativos. La rebanada desde "
"*i* hasta *j* consta de todos los caracteres entre los bordes etiquetados "
"*i* y *j*, respectivamente."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:318
msgid ""
"For non-negative indices, the length of a slice is the difference of the "
"indices, if both are within bounds. For example, the length of "
"``word[1:3]`` is 2."
msgstr ""
"Para índices no negativos, la longitud de la rebanada es la diferencia de "
"los índices, si ambos están dentro de los límites. Por ejemplo, la longitud "
"de ``word[1:3]`` es 2."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:322
msgid "Attempting to use an index that is too large will result in an error::"
msgstr "Intentar usar un índice que es muy grande resultará en un error::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:324
msgid ""
">>> word[42] # the word only has 6 characters\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
" File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"IndexError: string index out of range"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:329
msgid ""
"However, out of range slice indexes are handled gracefully when used for "
"slicing::"
msgstr ""
"Sin embargo, los índices de rebanadas fuera de rango se manejan "
"satisfactoriamente cuando se usan para rebanar::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:332
msgid ""
">>> word[4:42]\n"
"'on'\n"
">>> word[42:]\n"
"''"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:337
msgid ""
"Python strings cannot be changed --- they are :term:`immutable`. Therefore, "
"assigning to an indexed position in the string results in an error::"
msgstr ""
"Las cadenas de Python no se pueden modificar, son :term:`immutable`. Por "
"eso, asignar a una posición indexada de la cadena resulta en un error:"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:340
msgid ""
">>> word[0] = 'J'\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
" File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"TypeError: 'str' object does not support item assignment\n"
">>> word[2:] = 'py'\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
" File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"TypeError: 'str' object does not support item assignment"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:349
msgid "If you need a different string, you should create a new one::"
msgstr "Si necesitas una cadena diferente, deberías crear una nueva::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:351
msgid ""
">>> 'J' + word[1:]\n"
"'Jython'\n"
">>> word[:2] + 'py'\n"
"'Pypy'"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:356
msgid "The built-in function :func:`len` returns the length of a string::"
msgstr "La función incorporada :func:`len` retorna la longitud de una cadena::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:358
msgid ""
">>> s = 'supercalifragilisticexpialidocious'\n"
">>> len(s)\n"
"34"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:367
msgid ":ref:`textseq`"
msgstr ":ref:`textseq`"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:366
msgid ""
"Strings are examples of *sequence types*, and support the common operations "
"supported by such types."
msgstr ""
"Las cadenas de texto son ejemplos de *tipos secuencias* y soportan las "
"operaciones comunes para esos tipos."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:371
msgid ":ref:`string-methods`"
msgstr ":ref:`string-methods`"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:370
msgid ""
"Strings support a large number of methods for basic transformations and "
"searching."
msgstr ""
"Las cadenas de texto soportan una gran cantidad de métodos para "
"transformaciones básicas y búsqueda."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:374
msgid ":ref:`f-strings`"
msgstr ":ref:`f-strings`"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:374
msgid "String literals that have embedded expressions."
msgstr "Literales de cadena que tienen expresiones embebidas."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:377
msgid ":ref:`formatstrings`"
msgstr ":ref:`formatstrings`"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:377
msgid "Information about string formatting with :meth:`str.format`."
msgstr ""
"Aquí se da información sobre formateo de cadenas de texto con :meth:`str."
"format`."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:380
msgid ":ref:`old-string-formatting`"
msgstr ":ref:`old-string-formatting`"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:380
msgid ""
"The old formatting operations invoked when strings are the left operand of "
"the ``%`` operator are described in more detail here."
msgstr ""
"Aquí se describen con más detalle las antiguas operaciones para formateo "
"utilizadas cuando una cadena de texto está a la izquierda del operador ``%``."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:387
msgid "Lists"
msgstr "Listas"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:389
msgid ""
"Python knows a number of *compound* data types, used to group together other "
"values. The most versatile is the *list*, which can be written as a list of "
"comma-separated values (items) between square brackets. Lists might contain "
"items of different types, but usually the items all have the same type. ::"
msgstr ""
"Python tiene varios tipos de datos *compuestos*, utilizados para agrupar "
"otros valores. El más versátil es la *lista*, la cual puede ser escrita como "
"una lista de valores separados por coma (ítems) entre corchetes. Las listas "
"pueden contener ítems de diferentes tipos, pero usualmente los ítems son del "
"mismo tipo. ::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:394
msgid ""
">>> squares = [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]\n"
">>> squares\n"
"[1, 4, 9, 16, 25]"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:398
msgid ""
"Like strings (and all other built-in :term:`sequence` types), lists can be "
"indexed and sliced::"
msgstr ""
"Al igual que las cadenas (y todas las demás tipos integrados :term:"
"`sequence`), las listas se pueden indexar y segmentar:"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:401
msgid ""
">>> squares[0] # indexing returns the item\n"
"1\n"
">>> squares[-1]\n"
"25\n"
">>> squares[-3:] # slicing returns a new list\n"
"[9, 16, 25]"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:408
msgid "Lists also support operations like concatenation::"
msgstr "Las listas también admiten operaciones como concatenación::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:410
msgid ""
">>> squares + [36, 49, 64, 81, 100]\n"
"[1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:413
msgid ""
"Unlike strings, which are :term:`immutable`, lists are a :term:`mutable` "
"type, i.e. it is possible to change their content::"
msgstr ""
"A diferencia de las cadenas, que son :term:`immutable`, las listas son de "
"tipo :term:`mutable`, es decir, es posible cambiar su contenido::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:416
msgid ""
">>> cubes = [1, 8, 27, 65, 125] # something's wrong here\n"
">>> 4 ** 3 # the cube of 4 is 64, not 65!\n"
"64\n"
">>> cubes[3] = 64 # replace the wrong value\n"
">>> cubes\n"
"[1, 8, 27, 64, 125]"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:423
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You can also add new items at the end of the list, by using the :meth:`!list."
"append` *method* (we will see more about methods later)::"
msgstr ""
"También puede agregar nuevos elementos al final de la lista, utilizando el "
"*método* :meth:`~list.append` (vamos a ver más sobre los métodos luego)::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:426
msgid ""
">>> cubes.append(216) # add the cube of 6\n"
">>> cubes.append(7 ** 3) # and the cube of 7\n"
">>> cubes\n"
"[1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343]"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:431
msgid ""
"Simple assignment in Python never copies data. When you assign a list to a "
"variable, the variable refers to the *existing list*. Any changes you make "
"to the list through one variable will be seen through all other variables "
"that refer to it.::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:436
msgid ""
">>> rgb = [\"Red\", \"Green\", \"Blue\"]\n"
">>> rgba = rgb\n"
">>> id(rgb) == id(rgba) # they reference the same object\n"
"True\n"
">>> rgba.append(\"Alph\")\n"
">>> rgb\n"
"[\"Red\", \"Green\", \"Blue\", \"Alph\"]"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:444
msgid ""
"All slice operations return a new list containing the requested elements. "
"This means that the following slice returns a :ref:`shallow copy "
"<shallow_vs_deep_copy>` of the list::"
msgstr ""
"Todas las operaciones de rebanado retornan una nueva lista que contiene los "
"elementos pedidos. Esto significa que la siguiente rebanada retorna una :ref:"
"`shallow copy <shallow_vs_deep_copy>` de la lista::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:448
msgid ""
">>> correct_rgba = rgba[:]\n"
">>> correct_rgba[-1] = \"Alpha\"\n"
">>> correct_rgba\n"
"[\"Red\", \"Green\", \"Blue\", \"Alpha\"]\n"
">>> rgba\n"
"[\"Red\", \"Green\", \"Blue\", \"Alph\"]"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:455
msgid ""
"Assignment to slices is also possible, and this can even change the size of "
"the list or clear it entirely::"
msgstr ""
"También es posible asignar a una rebanada, y esto incluso puede cambiar la "
"longitud de la lista o vaciarla totalmente::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:458
msgid ""
">>> letters = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g']\n"
">>> letters\n"
"['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g']\n"
">>> # replace some values\n"
">>> letters[2:5] = ['C', 'D', 'E']\n"
">>> letters\n"
"['a', 'b', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'f', 'g']\n"
">>> # now remove them\n"
">>> letters[2:5] = []\n"
">>> letters\n"
"['a', 'b', 'f', 'g']\n"
">>> # clear the list by replacing all the elements with an empty list\n"
">>> letters[:] = []\n"
">>> letters\n"
"[]"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:474
msgid "The built-in function :func:`len` also applies to lists::"
msgstr "La función predefinida :func:`len` también sirve para las listas ::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:476
msgid ""
">>> letters = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']\n"
">>> len(letters)\n"
"4"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:480
msgid ""
"It is possible to nest lists (create lists containing other lists), for "
"example::"
msgstr ""
"Es posible anidar listas (crear listas que contengan otras listas), por "
"ejemplo::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:483
msgid ""
">>> a = ['a', 'b', 'c']\n"
">>> n = [1, 2, 3]\n"
">>> x = [a, n]\n"
">>> x\n"
"[['a', 'b', 'c'], [1, 2, 3]]\n"
">>> x[0]\n"
"['a', 'b', 'c']\n"
">>> x[0][1]\n"
"'b'"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:496
msgid "First Steps Towards Programming"
msgstr "Primeros pasos hacia la programación"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:498
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Of course, we can use Python for more complicated tasks than adding two and "
"two together. For instance, we can write an initial sub-sequence of the "
"`Fibonacci series <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibonacci_sequence>`_ as "
"follows::"
msgstr ""
"Por supuesto, podemos usar Python para tareas más complicadas que sumar dos "
"más dos. Por ejemplo, podemos escribir una parte inicial de la `serie de "
"Fibonacci <https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucesión_de_Fibonacci>`_ así::"
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:503
msgid ""
">>> # Fibonacci series:\n"
">>> # the sum of two elements defines the next\n"
">>> a, b = 0, 1\n"
">>> while a < 10:\n"
"... print(a)\n"
"... a, b = b, a+b\n"
"...\n"
"0\n"
"1\n"
"1\n"
"2\n"
"3\n"
"5\n"
"8"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:518
msgid "This example introduces several new features."
msgstr "Este ejemplo introduce varias características nuevas."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:520
msgid ""
"The first line contains a *multiple assignment*: the variables ``a`` and "
"``b`` simultaneously get the new values 0 and 1. On the last line this is "
"used again, demonstrating that the expressions on the right-hand side are "
"all evaluated first before any of the assignments take place. The right-"
"hand side expressions are evaluated from the left to the right."
msgstr ""
"La primera línea contiene una *asignación múltiple*: las variables ``a`` y "
"``b`` obtienen simultáneamente los nuevos valores 0 y 1. En la última línea "
"esto se usa nuevamente, demostrando que las expresiones de la derecha son "
"evaluadas primero antes de que se realice cualquiera de las asignaciones. "
"Las expresiones del lado derecho se evalúan de izquierda a derecha."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:526
msgid ""
"The :keyword:`while` loop executes as long as the condition (here: ``a < "
"10``) remains true. In Python, like in C, any non-zero integer value is "
"true; zero is false. The condition may also be a string or list value, in "
"fact any sequence; anything with a non-zero length is true, empty sequences "
"are false. The test used in the example is a simple comparison. The "
"standard comparison operators are written the same as in C: ``<`` (less "
"than), ``>`` (greater than), ``==`` (equal to), ``<=`` (less than or equal "
"to), ``>=`` (greater than or equal to) and ``!=`` (not equal to)."
msgstr ""
"El bucle :keyword:`while` se ejecuta mientras la condición (aquí: ``a < "
"10``) sea verdadera. En Python, como en C, cualquier valor entero que no sea "
"cero es verdadero; cero es falso. La condición también puede ser una cadena "
"de texto o una lista, de hecho, cualquier secuencia; cualquier cosa con una "
"longitud distinta de cero es verdadera, las secuencias vacías son falsas. La "
"prueba utilizada en el ejemplo es una comparación simple. Los operadores de "
"comparación estándar se escriben igual que en C: ``<`` (menor que), ``>`` "
"(mayor que), ``==`` (igual a), ``<=`` (menor que o igual a), ``>=`` (mayor "
"que o igual a) y ``!=`` (distinto a)."
#: ../Doc/tutorial/introduction.rst:535
msgid ""
"The *body* of the loop is *indented*: indentation is Python's way of "