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# Copyright (C) 2001-2020, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# Maintained by the python-doc-es workteam.
# docs-es@python.org /
# https://mail.python.org/mailman3/lists/docs-es.python.org/
# Check https://github.com/python/python-docs-es/blob/3.8/TRANSLATORS to
# get the list of volunteers
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.8\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-02-26 18:44-0300\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-08-07 16:58+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Cristián Maureira-Fredes <cmaureirafredes@gmail.com>\n"
"Language: es\n"
"Language-Team: python-doc-es\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Generated-By: Babel 2.18.0\n"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:2
#, fuzzy
msgid ":mod:`!ctypes` --- A foreign function library for Python"
msgstr ":mod:`ctypes` --- Una biblioteca de funciones foráneas para Python"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:9
msgid "**Source code:** :source:`Lib/ctypes`"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:13
msgid ""
":mod:`ctypes` is a foreign function library for Python. It provides C "
"compatible data types, and allows calling functions in DLLs or shared "
"libraries. It can be used to wrap these libraries in pure Python."
msgstr ""
":mod:`ctypes` es una biblioteca de funciones foráneas para Python. "
"Proporciona tipos de datos compatibles con C y permite llamar a funciones en "
"archivos DLL o bibliotecas compartidas. Se puede utilizar para envolver "
"estas bibliotecas en Python puro."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:21
msgid "ctypes tutorial"
msgstr "tutorial de ctypes"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:23
msgid ""
"Note: The code samples in this tutorial use :mod:`doctest` to make sure that "
"they actually work. Since some code samples behave differently under Linux, "
"Windows, or macOS, they contain doctest directives in comments."
msgstr ""
"Nota: Los ejemplos de código en este tutorial usan :mod:`doctest` para "
"asegurarse de que realmente funcionen. Dado que algunos ejemplos de código "
"se comportan de manera diferente en Linux, Windows o macOS, contienen "
"directivas doctest en los comentarios."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:27
msgid ""
"Note: Some code samples reference the ctypes :class:`c_int` type. On "
"platforms where ``sizeof(long) == sizeof(int)`` it is an alias to :class:"
"`c_long`. So, you should not be confused if :class:`c_long` is printed if "
"you would expect :class:`c_int` --- they are actually the same type."
msgstr ""
"Nota: Algunos ejemplos de código hacen referencia al tipo ctypes :class:"
"`c_int`. En las plataformas donde ``sizeof(long) == sizeof(int)`` es un "
"alias de :class:`c_long`. Por lo tanto, no debe confundirse si :class:"
"`c_long` se imprime si espera :class:`c_int` --- son en realidad del mismo "
"tipo."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:35
msgid "Loading dynamic link libraries"
msgstr "Carga de bibliotecas de enlaces dinámicos"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:37
msgid ""
":mod:`ctypes` exports the *cdll*, and on Windows *windll* and *oledll* "
"objects, for loading dynamic link libraries."
msgstr ""
":mod:`ctypes` exporta los objetos *cdll* y en Windows *windll* y *oledll*, "
"para cargar bibliotecas de enlaces dinámicos."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:40
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You load libraries by accessing them as attributes of these objects. *cdll* "
"loads libraries which export functions using the standard ``cdecl`` calling "
"convention, while *windll* libraries call functions using the ``stdcall`` "
"calling convention. *oledll* also uses the ``stdcall`` calling convention, "
"and assumes the functions return a Windows :c:type:`!HRESULT` error code. "
"The error code is used to automatically raise an :class:`OSError` exception "
"when the function call fails."
msgstr ""
"Las bibliotecas se cargan accediendo a ellas como atributos de estos "
"objetos. *cdll* carga bibliotecas que exportan funciones utilizando la "
"convención de llamada estándar ``cdecl``, mientras que las bibliotecas "
"*windll* llaman a funciones mediante la convención de llamada ``stdcall``. "
"*oledll* también utiliza la convención de llamada ``stdcall`` y asume que "
"las funciones retornan un código de error Windows :c:type:`HRESULT`. El "
"código de error se utiliza para generar automáticamente una excepción :class:"
"`OSError` cuando se produce un error en la llamada a la función."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:48
msgid ""
"Windows errors used to raise :exc:`WindowsError`, which is now an alias of :"
"exc:`OSError`."
msgstr ""
"Los errores de Windows solían generar :exc:`WindowsError`, que ahora es un "
"alias de :exc:`OSError`."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:53
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Here are some examples for Windows. Note that ``msvcrt`` is the MS standard "
"C library containing most standard C functions, and uses the ``cdecl`` "
"calling convention::"
msgstr ""
"Estos son algunos ejemplos para Windows. Tener en cuenta que ''msvcrt'' es "
"la biblioteca estándar de MS C que contiene la mayoría de las funciones C "
"estándar y utiliza la convención de llamada cdecl::"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:57
msgid ""
">>> from ctypes import *\n"
">>> print(windll.kernel32)\n"
"<WinDLL 'kernel32', handle ... at ...>\n"
">>> print(cdll.msvcrt)\n"
"<CDLL 'msvcrt', handle ... at ...>\n"
">>> libc = cdll.msvcrt\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:65
msgid "Windows appends the usual ``.dll`` file suffix automatically."
msgstr "Windows agrega automáticamente la extensión común ``.dll``."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:68
msgid ""
"Accessing the standard C library through ``cdll.msvcrt`` will use an "
"outdated version of the library that may be incompatible with the one being "
"used by Python. Where possible, use native Python functionality, or else "
"import and use the ``msvcrt`` module."
msgstr ""
"Acceder a la biblioteca estándar de C a través de ``cdll.msvcrt`` utilizará "
"una versión obsoleta de la biblioteca que puede ser incompatible con la "
"utilizada por Python. Cuando sea posible, use la funcionalidad nativa de "
"Python, o bien importe y use el módulo ``msvcrt``."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:73
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"On Linux, it is required to specify the filename *including* the extension "
"to load a library, so attribute access can not be used to load libraries. "
"Either the :meth:`~LibraryLoader.LoadLibrary` method of the dll loaders "
"should be used, or you should load the library by creating an instance of "
"CDLL by calling the constructor::"
msgstr ""
"En Linux, se requiere especificar el nombre de archivo *incluyendo* la "
"extensión para cargar una biblioteca, por lo que no se puede utilizar el "
"acceso por atributos para cargar las bibliotecas. Se debe usar el método :"
"meth:`LoadLibrary` de los cargadores de dll, o se debe cargar la biblioteca "
"creando una instancia de CDLL llamando al constructor::"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:79
msgid ""
">>> cdll.LoadLibrary(\"libc.so.6\")\n"
"<CDLL 'libc.so.6', handle ... at ...>\n"
">>> libc = CDLL(\"libc.so.6\")\n"
">>> libc\n"
"<CDLL 'libc.so.6', handle ... at ...>\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:92
msgid "Accessing functions from loaded dlls"
msgstr "Acceder a las funciones de los dll cargados"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:94
msgid "Functions are accessed as attributes of dll objects::"
msgstr "Las funciones se acceden como atributos de los objetos dll::"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:96
msgid ""
">>> libc.printf\n"
"<_FuncPtr object at 0x...>\n"
">>> print(windll.kernel32.GetModuleHandleA)\n"
"<_FuncPtr object at 0x...>\n"
">>> print(windll.kernel32.MyOwnFunction)\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
" File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
" File \"ctypes.py\", line 239, in __getattr__\n"
" func = _StdcallFuncPtr(name, self)\n"
"AttributeError: function 'MyOwnFunction' not found\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:108
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Note that win32 system dlls like ``kernel32`` and ``user32`` often export "
"ANSI as well as UNICODE versions of a function. The UNICODE version is "
"exported with a ``W`` appended to the name, while the ANSI version is "
"exported with an ``A`` appended to the name. The win32 ``GetModuleHandle`` "
"function, which returns a *module handle* for a given module name, has the "
"following C prototype, and a macro is used to expose one of them as "
"``GetModuleHandle`` depending on whether UNICODE is defined or not::"
msgstr ""
"Nótese que las dlls del sistema win32 como ``kernel32`` y ``user32`` a "
"menudo exportan versiones ANSI y UNICODE de una función. La versión UNICODE "
"se exporta con una ``W`` añadida al nombre, mientras que la versión ANSI se "
"exporta con una ``A`` añadida al nombre. La función ``GetModuleHandle`` de "
"win32, que retorna un *manejador de módulo* para un nombre de módulo dado, "
"tiene el siguiente prototipo de C, y se usa una macro para exponer uno de "
"ellos como ``GetModuleHandle`` dependiendo de si UNICODE está definido o no::"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:116
msgid ""
"/* ANSI version */\n"
"HMODULE GetModuleHandleA(LPCSTR lpModuleName);\n"
"/* UNICODE version */\n"
"HMODULE GetModuleHandleW(LPCWSTR lpModuleName);"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:121
msgid ""
"*windll* does not try to select one of them by magic, you must access the "
"version you need by specifying ``GetModuleHandleA`` or ``GetModuleHandleW`` "
"explicitly, and then call it with bytes or string objects respectively."
msgstr ""
"*windll* no intenta seleccionar una de ellas por arte de magia, se debe "
"acceder a la versión que se necesita especificando ``GetModuleHandleA`` o "
"``GetModuleHandleW`` explícitamente, y luego llamarlo con bytes u objetos de "
"cadena respectivamente."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:125
msgid ""
"Sometimes, dlls export functions with names which aren't valid Python "
"identifiers, like ``\"??2@YAPAXI@Z\"``. In this case you have to use :func:"
"`getattr` to retrieve the function::"
msgstr ""
"A veces, las dlls exportan funciones con nombres que no son identificadores "
"válidos de Python, como ``\"??2@YAPAXI@Z\"``. En este caso tienes que usar :"
"func:`getattr` para recuperar la función::"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:129
msgid ""
">>> getattr(cdll.msvcrt, \"??2@YAPAXI@Z\")\n"
"<_FuncPtr object at 0x...>\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:133
msgid ""
"On Windows, some dlls export functions not by name but by ordinal. These "
"functions can be accessed by indexing the dll object with the ordinal "
"number::"
msgstr ""
"En Windows, algunas dlls exportan funciones no por nombre sino por ordinal. "
"Se pueden acceder a estas funciones indexando el objeto dll con el número "
"ordinal::"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:136
msgid ""
">>> cdll.kernel32[1]\n"
"<_FuncPtr object at 0x...>\n"
">>> cdll.kernel32[0]\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
" File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
" File \"ctypes.py\", line 310, in __getitem__\n"
" func = _StdcallFuncPtr(name, self)\n"
"AttributeError: function ordinal 0 not found\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:150
msgid "Calling functions"
msgstr "Funciones de llamada"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:152
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You can call these functions like any other Python callable. This example "
"uses the ``rand()`` function, which takes no arguments and returns a pseudo-"
"random integer::"
msgstr ""
"Puedes llamar a estas funciones como cualquier otra función en Python. Este "
"ejemplo utiliza la función ``time()``, que retorna el tiempo del sistema en "
"segundos desde la época de Unix, y la función ``GetModuleHandleA()``, que "
"retorna un manejador de módulo de win32."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:155
msgid ""
">>> print(libc.rand())\n"
"1804289383"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:158
msgid ""
"On Windows, you can call the ``GetModuleHandleA()`` function, which returns "
"a win32 module handle (passing ``None`` as single argument to call it with a "
"``NULL`` pointer)::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:161
msgid ""
">>> print(hex(windll.kernel32.GetModuleHandleA(None)))\n"
"0x1d000000\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:165
msgid ""
":exc:`ValueError` is raised when you call an ``stdcall`` function with the "
"``cdecl`` calling convention, or vice versa::"
msgstr ""
":exc:`ValueError` es lanzado cuando se llama a una función ``stdcall`` con "
"la convención de llamada ``cdecl``, o viceversa::"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:168
msgid ""
">>> cdll.kernel32.GetModuleHandleA(None)\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
" File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"ValueError: Procedure probably called with not enough arguments (4 bytes "
"missing)\n"
">>>\n"
"\n"
">>> windll.msvcrt.printf(b\"spam\")\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
" File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"ValueError: Procedure probably called with too many arguments (4 bytes in "
"excess)\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:180
msgid ""
"To find out the correct calling convention you have to look into the C "
"header file or the documentation for the function you want to call."
msgstr ""
"Para saber la convención de llamada correcta, hay que mirar en el archivo de "
"encabezado C o en la documentación de la función que se quiere llamar."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:183
msgid ""
"On Windows, :mod:`ctypes` uses win32 structured exception handling to "
"prevent crashes from general protection faults when functions are called "
"with invalid argument values::"
msgstr ""
"En Windows, :mod:`ctypes` utiliza la gestión de excepciones estructurada de "
"win32 para evitar que se produzcan fallos de protección general cuando se "
"llaman funciones con valores de argumento inválidos::"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:187
msgid ""
">>> windll.kernel32.GetModuleHandleA(32)\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
" File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"OSError: exception: access violation reading 0x00000020\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:193
msgid ""
"There are, however, enough ways to crash Python with :mod:`ctypes`, so you "
"should be careful anyway. The :mod:`faulthandler` module can be helpful in "
"debugging crashes (e.g. from segmentation faults produced by erroneous C "
"library calls)."
msgstr ""
"Sin embargo, hay suficientes maneras de bloquear Python con :mod:`ctypes`, "
"así que debes tener cuidado de todos modos. El módulo :mod:`faulthandler` "
"puede ser útil para depurar bloqueos (por ejemplo, provenientes de fallos de "
"segmentación producidos por llamadas erróneas a la biblioteca C)."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:198
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"``None``, integers, bytes objects and (unicode) strings are the only native "
"Python objects that can directly be used as parameters in these function "
"calls. ``None`` is passed as a C ``NULL`` pointer, bytes objects and strings "
"are passed as pointer to the memory block that contains their data (:c:expr:"
"`char *` or :c:expr:`wchar_t *`). Python integers are passed as the "
"platform's default C :c:expr:`int` type, their value is masked to fit into "
"the C type."
msgstr ""
"``None``, enteros, objetos de bytes y cadenas (unicode) son los únicos "
"objetos nativos de Python que se pueden usar directamente como parámetros en "
"estas llamadas a funciones. ``None`` se pasa como puntero C ``NULL``, "
"objetos de bytes y cadenas se pasan como puntero al bloque de memoria que "
"contiene sus datos (:c:expr:`char *` or :c:expr:`wchar_t *`). Los enteros de "
"Python se pasan como el tipo C :c:expr:`int` predeterminado de la "
"plataforma, su valor se enmascara para encajar en el tipo C."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:205
msgid ""
"Before we move on calling functions with other parameter types, we have to "
"learn more about :mod:`ctypes` data types."
msgstr ""
"Antes de pasar a llamar funciones con otros tipos de parámetros, tenemos que "
"aprender más sobre los tipos de datos :mod:`ctypes`."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:212 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:2430
msgid "Fundamental data types"
msgstr "Tipos de datos fundamentales"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:214
msgid ":mod:`ctypes` defines a number of primitive C compatible data types:"
msgstr ""
":mod:`ctypes` define un número de tipos de datos primitivos compatibles con "
"C:"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:217 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:289
msgid "ctypes type"
msgstr "tipo ctypes"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:217 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:289
msgid "C type"
msgstr "Tipo C"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:217 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:289
msgid "Python type"
msgstr "Tipo Python"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:219
msgid ":class:`c_bool`"
msgstr ":class:`c_bool`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:219
msgid ":c:expr:`_Bool`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`_Bool`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:219
msgid "bool (1)"
msgstr "bool (1)"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:221
msgid ":class:`c_char`"
msgstr ":class:`c_char`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:221 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:225
msgid ":c:expr:`char`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`char`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:221
msgid "1-character bytes object"
msgstr "Un objeto bytes de 1-caracter"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:223
msgid ":class:`c_wchar`"
msgstr ":class:`c_wchar`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:223
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:type:`wchar_t`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`wchar_t`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:223
msgid "1-character string"
msgstr "Una cadena de 1-caracter"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:225
msgid ":class:`c_byte`"
msgstr ":class:`c_byte`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:225 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:227
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:229 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:231
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:233 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:235
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:237 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:239
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:241 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:243
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:245 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:247
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:249 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:251
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:253 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:255
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:257 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:259
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:262 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:264
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:267
msgid "int"
msgstr "entero"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:227
msgid ":class:`c_ubyte`"
msgstr ":class:`c_ubyte`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:227
msgid ":c:expr:`unsigned char`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`unsigned char`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:229
msgid ":class:`c_short`"
msgstr ":class:`c_short`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:229
msgid ":c:expr:`short`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`short`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:231
msgid ":class:`c_ushort`"
msgstr ":class:`c_ushort`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:231
msgid ":c:expr:`unsigned short`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`unsigned short`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:233
msgid ":class:`c_int`"
msgstr ":class:`c_int`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:233
msgid ":c:expr:`int`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`int`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:235
#, fuzzy
msgid ":class:`c_int8`"
msgstr ":class:`c_int`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:235
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:type:`int8_t`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`size_t`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:237
#, fuzzy
msgid ":class:`c_int16`"
msgstr ":class:`c_int`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:237
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:type:`int16_t`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`size_t`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:239
#, fuzzy
msgid ":class:`c_int32`"
msgstr ":class:`c_int`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:239
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:type:`int32_t`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`size_t`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:241
#, fuzzy
msgid ":class:`c_int64`"
msgstr ":class:`c_int`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:241
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:type:`int64_t`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`size_t`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:243
msgid ":class:`c_uint`"
msgstr ":class:`c_uint`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:243
msgid ":c:expr:`unsigned int`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`unsigned int`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:245
#, fuzzy
msgid ":class:`c_uint8`"
msgstr ":class:`c_uint`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:245
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:type:`uint8_t`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`size_t`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:247
#, fuzzy
msgid ":class:`c_uint16`"
msgstr ":class:`c_uint`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:247
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:type:`uint16_t`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`size_t`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:249
#, fuzzy
msgid ":class:`c_uint32`"
msgstr ":class:`c_uint`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:249
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:type:`uint32_t`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`size_t`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:251
#, fuzzy
msgid ":class:`c_uint64`"
msgstr ":class:`c_uint`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:251
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:type:`uint64_t`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`size_t`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:253
msgid ":class:`c_long`"
msgstr ":class:`c_long`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:253
msgid ":c:expr:`long`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`long`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:255
msgid ":class:`c_ulong`"
msgstr ":class:`c_ulong`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:255
msgid ":c:expr:`unsigned long`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`unsigned long`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:257
msgid ":class:`c_longlong`"
msgstr ":class:`c_longlong`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:257
msgid ":c:expr:`__int64` or :c:expr:`long long`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`__int64` o :c:expr:`long long`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:259
msgid ":class:`c_ulonglong`"
msgstr ":class:`c_ulonglong`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:259
msgid ":c:expr:`unsigned __int64` or :c:expr:`unsigned long long`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`unsigned __int64` o :c:expr:`unsigned long long`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:262
msgid ":class:`c_size_t`"
msgstr ":class:`c_size_t`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:262
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:type:`size_t`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`size_t`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:264
msgid ":class:`c_ssize_t`"
msgstr ":class:`c_ssize_t`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:264
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:type:`ssize_t` or :c:expr:`Py_ssize_t`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`ssize_t` o :c:expr:`Py_ssize_t`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:267
#, fuzzy
msgid ":class:`c_time_t`"
msgstr ":class:`c_size_t`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:267
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:type:`time_t`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`size_t`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:269
msgid ":class:`c_float`"
msgstr ":class:`c_float`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:269
msgid ":c:expr:`float`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`float`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:269 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:271
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:273
msgid "float"
msgstr "flotante"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:271
msgid ":class:`c_double`"
msgstr ":class:`c_double`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:271
msgid ":c:expr:`double`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`double`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:273
msgid ":class:`c_longdouble`"
msgstr ":class:`c_longdouble`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:273
msgid ":c:expr:`long double`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`long double`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:275
msgid ":class:`c_char_p`"
msgstr ":class:`c_char_p`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:275
msgid ":c:expr:`char *` (NUL terminated)"
msgstr ":c:expr:`char *` (terminado en NUL)"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:275
msgid "bytes object or ``None``"
msgstr "objeto de bytes o ``None``"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:277
msgid ":class:`c_wchar_p`"
msgstr ":class:`c_wchar_p`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:277
msgid ":c:expr:`wchar_t *` (NUL terminated)"
msgstr ":c:expr:`wchar_t *` (terminado en NUL)"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:277
msgid "string or ``None``"
msgstr "cadena o ``None``"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:279
msgid ":class:`c_void_p`"
msgstr ":class:`c_void_p`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:279
msgid ":c:expr:`void *`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`void *`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:279
msgid "int or ``None``"
msgstr "entero o ``None``"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:283
msgid "The constructor accepts any object with a truth value."
msgstr "El constructor acepta cualquier objeto con valor verdadero."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:285
msgid ""
"Additionally, if IEC 60559 compatible complex arithmetic (Annex G) is "
"supported in both C and ``libffi``, the following complex types are "
"available:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:291
#, fuzzy
msgid ":class:`c_float_complex`"
msgstr ":class:`c_float`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:291
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:expr:`float complex`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`float`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:291 ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:293
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:295
msgid "complex"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:293
#, fuzzy
msgid ":class:`c_double_complex`"
msgstr ":class:`c_double`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:293
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:expr:`double complex`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`double`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:295
#, fuzzy
msgid ":class:`c_longdouble_complex`"
msgstr ":class:`c_longdouble`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:295
#, fuzzy
msgid ":c:expr:`long double complex`"
msgstr ":c:expr:`long double`"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:299
msgid ""
"All these types can be created by calling them with an optional initializer "
"of the correct type and value::"
msgstr ""
"Todos estos tipos pueden ser creados llamándolos con un inicializador "
"opcional del tipo y valor correctos::"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:302
msgid ""
">>> c_int()\n"
"c_long(0)\n"
">>> c_wchar_p(\"Hello, World\")\n"
"c_wchar_p(140018365411392)\n"
">>> c_ushort(-3)\n"
"c_ushort(65533)\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:310
msgid ""
"Since these types are mutable, their value can also be changed afterwards::"
msgstr ""
"Dado que estos tipos son mutables, su valor también puede ser cambiado "
"después::"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:312
msgid ""
">>> i = c_int(42)\n"
">>> print(i)\n"
"c_long(42)\n"
">>> print(i.value)\n"
"42\n"
">>> i.value = -99\n"
">>> print(i.value)\n"
"-99\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:322
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Assigning a new value to instances of the pointer types :class:`c_char_p`, :"
"class:`c_wchar_p`, and :class:`c_void_p` changes the *memory location* they "
"point to, *not the contents* of the memory block (of course not, because "
"Python string objects are immutable)::"
msgstr ""
"Asignando un nuevo valor a las instancias de los tipos de punteros :class:"
"`c_char_p`, :class:`c_wchar_p`, y :class:`c_void_p` cambia el *lugar de "
"memoria* al que apuntan, *no el contenido* del bloque de memoria (por "
"supuesto que no, porque los objetos de bytes de Python son inmutables)::"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:327
msgid ""
">>> s = \"Hello, World\"\n"
">>> c_s = c_wchar_p(s)\n"
">>> print(c_s)\n"
"c_wchar_p(139966785747344)\n"
">>> print(c_s.value)\n"
"Hello World\n"
">>> c_s.value = \"Hi, there\"\n"
">>> print(c_s) # the memory location has changed\n"
"c_wchar_p(139966783348904)\n"
">>> print(c_s.value)\n"
"Hi, there\n"
">>> print(s) # first object is unchanged\n"
"Hello, World\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:342
msgid ""
"You should be careful, however, not to pass them to functions expecting "
"pointers to mutable memory. If you need mutable memory blocks, ctypes has a :"
"func:`create_string_buffer` function which creates these in various ways. "
"The current memory block contents can be accessed (or changed) with the "
"``raw`` property; if you want to access it as NUL terminated string, use the "
"``value`` property::"
msgstr ""
"Sin embargo, debe tener cuidado de no pasarlos a funciones que esperan "
"punteros a la memoria mutable. Si necesitas bloques de memoria mutables, "
"ctypes tiene una función :func:`create_string_buffer` que los crea de varias "
"maneras. El contenido actual del bloque de memoria puede ser accedido (o "
"cambiado) con la propiedad ``raw``; si quieres acceder a él como cadena "
"terminada NUL, usa la propiedad ``value``::"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:349
msgid ""
">>> from ctypes import *\n"
">>> p = create_string_buffer(3) # create a 3 byte buffer, "
"initialized to NUL bytes\n"
">>> print(sizeof(p), repr(p.raw))\n"
"3 b'\\x00\\x00\\x00'\n"
">>> p = create_string_buffer(b\"Hello\") # create a buffer containing a "
"NUL terminated string\n"
">>> print(sizeof(p), repr(p.raw))\n"
"6 b'Hello\\x00'\n"
">>> print(repr(p.value))\n"
"b'Hello'\n"
">>> p = create_string_buffer(b\"Hello\", 10) # create a 10 byte buffer\n"
">>> print(sizeof(p), repr(p.raw))\n"
"10 b'Hello\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00'\n"
">>> p.value = b\"Hi\"\n"
">>> print(sizeof(p), repr(p.raw))\n"
"10 b'Hi\\x00lo\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00'\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:366
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The :func:`create_string_buffer` function replaces the old :func:`!c_buffer` "
"function (which is still available as an alias). To create a mutable memory "
"block containing unicode characters of the C type :c:type:`wchar_t`, use "
"the :func:`create_unicode_buffer` function."
msgstr ""
"La función :func:`create_string_buffer` reemplaza la antigua función :func:"
"`c_buffer` (que todavía está disponible como alias). Para crear un bloque de "
"memoria mutable que contenga caracteres Unicode del tipo C :c:expr:"
"`wchar_t`, use la función :func:`create_unicode_buffer`."
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:375
msgid "Calling functions, continued"
msgstr "Funciones de llamada, continuación"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:377
msgid ""
"Note that printf prints to the real standard output channel, *not* to :data:"
"`sys.stdout`, so these examples will only work at the console prompt, not "
"from within *IDLE* or *PythonWin*::"
msgstr ""
"Note que printf imprime al canal de salida estándar real, *no* a :data:`sys."
"stdout`, por lo que estos ejemplos sólo funcionarán en el prompt de la "
"consola, no desde dentro de *IDLE* o *PythonWin*::"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:381
#, python-format
msgid ""
">>> printf = libc.printf\n"
">>> printf(b\"Hello, %s\\n\", b\"World!\")\n"
"Hello, World!\n"
"14\n"
">>> printf(b\"Hello, %S\\n\", \"World!\")\n"
"Hello, World!\n"
"14\n"
">>> printf(b\"%d bottles of beer\\n\", 42)\n"
"42 bottles of beer\n"
"19\n"
">>> printf(b\"%f bottles of beer\\n\", 42.5)\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
" File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"ctypes.ArgumentError: argument 2: TypeError: Don't know how to convert "
"parameter 2\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:397
msgid ""
"As has been mentioned before, all Python types except integers, strings, and "
"bytes objects have to be wrapped in their corresponding :mod:`ctypes` type, "
"so that they can be converted to the required C data type::"
msgstr ""
"Como se ha mencionado antes, todos los tipos de Python, excepto los enteros, "
"cadenas y objetos bytes, tienen que ser envueltos en su correspondiente "
"tipo :mod:`ctypes`, para que puedan ser convertidos al tipo de datos C "
"requerido::"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:401
#, python-format
msgid ""
">>> printf(b\"An int %d, a double %f\\n\", 1234, c_double(3.14))\n"
"An int 1234, a double 3.140000\n"
"31\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:409
#, fuzzy
msgid "Calling variadic functions"
msgstr "Funciones de llamada"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:411
msgid ""
"On a lot of platforms calling variadic functions through ctypes is exactly "
"the same as calling functions with a fixed number of parameters. On some "
"platforms, and in particular ARM64 for Apple Platforms, the calling "
"convention for variadic functions is different than that for regular "
"functions."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:416
msgid ""
"On those platforms it is required to specify the :attr:`~_CFuncPtr.argtypes` "
"attribute for the regular, non-variadic, function arguments:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:419
msgid "libc.printf.argtypes = [ctypes.c_char_p]"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:423
msgid ""
"Because specifying the attribute does not inhibit portability it is advised "
"to always specify :attr:`~_CFuncPtr.argtypes` for all variadic functions."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:430
msgid "Calling functions with your own custom data types"
msgstr "Funciones de llamada con sus propios tipos de datos personalizados"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:432
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You can also customize :mod:`ctypes` argument conversion to allow instances "
"of your own classes be used as function arguments. :mod:`ctypes` looks for "
"an :attr:`!_as_parameter_` attribute and uses this as the function argument. "
"The attribute must be an integer, string, bytes, a :mod:`ctypes` instance, "
"or an object with an :attr:`!_as_parameter_` attribute::"
msgstr ""
"También puedes personalizar la conversión de argumentos de :mod:`ctypes` "
"para permitir que las instancias de tus propias clases se usen como "
"argumentos de función. :mod:`ctypes` busca un atributo :attr:"
"`_as_parameter_` y lo usa como argumento de función. Por supuesto, debe ser "
"uno de entero, cadena o bytes::"
#: ../Doc/library/ctypes.rst:438
#, python-format
msgid ""
">>> class Bottles:\n"
"... def __init__(self, number):\n"