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Add ZSTD_decompressMultiThreaded(): frame-level parallel decompression by ceedot-rock · Pull Request #4796 · facebook/zstd · GitHub
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Add ZSTD_decompressMultiThreaded(): frame-level parallel decompression - #4796

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ceedot-rock:mt-decompress-2245
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ceedot-rock:mt-decompress-2245

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@ceedot-rock

@ceedot-rock ceedot-rock commented Sep 28, 2026 •

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Addresses #2245 (related: #4775).

Adds a one-shot ZSTD_decompressMultiThreaded(dst, dstCapacity, src, srcSize, nbThreads). It scans the frame boundaries up front, then decompresses frames in parallel on the existing thread pool from lib/common/pool.h. One frame, or nbThreads <= 1, goes through plain ZSTD_decompress() with no thread overhead.

When every frame's content size is known (the normal case), each frame decodes straight into its slice of dst - no extra copies. Frames without a stored content size fall back to per-frame temp buffers gathered in order. Strict all-or-nothing: bad magic -> prefix_unknown, truncation -> srcSize_wrong, short dst -> dstSize_tooSmall.

One thing worth knowing for review: ZSTD_decompress() parks a block's literals in spare dstCapacity past the frame's true end (ZSTD_allocateLiteralsBuffer). The first cut handed each job the whole dst tail and threads scribbled one byte into the next frame's slice. Each job now gets exactly its frame's content size as its capacity, slices are disjoint, canary tests confirm no cross-talk.

This is the frame-level approach from the #2245 discussion, not single-frame block parallelism - that stays a separate, harder problem.

Tests: new tests/mtDecompressTest.c - 8 mixed frames (incl. skippable) byte-identical to serial across 1/2/4/8/16 threads, unknown-content-size path, single frame, 0/negative thread counts, exact error codes for empty/truncated/corrupt/short-dst. Fuzzer (1083) and zstreamtest (817) pass, ASan clean. Benchmark on 16x1MB frames: 1.7x with 2 threads on a 2-core box (saturates it).


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meta-cla Bot commented Sep 28, 2026

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meta-cla Bot commented Sep 28, 2026

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@meta-cla meta-cla Bot added the CLA Signed label Sep 28, 2026
Decompresses concatenated frames concurrently, one frame per worker
thread, addressing facebook#2245. Frame boundaries are scanned up front with
ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSize(); each frame is then decompressed by its
own job with its own decompression context (blocks within a frame are
left serial, since later blocks may reference earlier output).

- nbThreads <= 1 and single-frame inputs take the plain serial path.
- Frames with stored content sizes decompress straight into disjoint
  dst slices; each job gets exactly its frame's content size as
  dstCapacity, since the decoder may use spare dst room as scratch.
- Frames without a stored content size use per-job temp buffers that
  grow until the frame fits, then copy into dst in frame order.
- Strict all-or-nothing input validation: bad magic -> prefix_unknown,
  truncation -> srcSize_wrong, short dst -> dstSize_tooSmall.
- Without ZSTD_MULTITHREAD the pool runs jobs synchronously, so the
  result stays correct (just serial).

Tests: tests/mtDecompressTest covers thread counts 1-16, the
unknown-content-size path, skippable frames, and exact error codes.

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