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# Merge inputs into a single stream, write outputs individually
cat input1 input2 | grep foo | tee output1 output2 > output3
# Pass inputs as filenames, write outputs individually
grep foo input1 input2 | tee output1 output2 > output3
Rationale:
A file descriptor, whether stdin, stdout, stderr, or non-standard ones, can only point to a single file/pipe.
For input, many commands support processing multiple filenames. In these cases you can just specify the filenames instead of redirecting. Alternatively, you can use cat to merge multiple filenames into a single stream.
For output, you can use tee to write to multiple output sinks in parallel.
Exceptions:
Zsh will automatically cat inputs and tee outputs, but none of the shells supported by ShellCheck do.
Related resources:
Help by adding links to BashFAQ, StackOverflow, man pages, POSIX, etc!