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GH-110383: Improve Tutorial for Input Ouput #119230

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encukou merged 8 commits into from
May 21, 2024
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GH-110383: Improve Tutorial for Input Ouput #119230

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eb04e27
Add explanation to formats in 7.1
uatach May 12, 2024
2166f58
Add example using built-in vars in 7.1.2
uatach May 12, 2024
4e3a051
Update PR GH-118970 with some format changes
blaisep May 20, 2024
0444014
Update Doc/tutorial/inputoutput.rst
encukou May 20, 2024
f8e153b
Merge branch 'main' into problems-io-tutorial
encukou May 20, 2024
49a5778
Update Doc/tutorial/inputoutput.rst
blaisep May 21, 2024
5f45b7e
Merge branch 'main' into problems-io-tutorial
blaisep May 21, 2024
368cfbf
Merge branch 'main' into problems-io-tutorial
blaisep May 21, 2024
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20 changes: 16 additions & 4 deletions Doc/tutorial/inputoutput.rst
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Expand Up @@ -37,16 +37,23 @@ printing space-separated values. There are several ways to format output.
* The :meth:`str.format` method of strings requires more manual
effort. You'll still use ``{`` and ``}`` to mark where a variable
will be substituted and can provide detailed formatting directives,
but you'll also need to provide the information to be formatted.
but you'll also need to provide the information to be formatted. In the following code
block there are two examples of how to format variables:


::

>>> yes_votes = 42_572_654
>>> no_votes = 43_132_495
>>> percentage = yes_votes / (yes_votes + no_votes)
>>> total_votes = 43_132_495
>>> percentage = yes_votes / (yes_votes + total_votes)
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>>> '{:-9} YES votes {:2.2%}'.format(yes_votes, percentage)
' 42572654 YES votes 49.67%'

Notice how the ``yes_votes`` are padded with spaces and a negative sign only for negative numbers.
The example also prints ``percentage`` multiplied by 100, with 2 decimal
places and followed by a percent sign (see :ref:`formatspec` for details).


* Finally, you can do all the string handling yourself by using string slicing and
concatenation operations to create any layout you can imagine. The
string type has some methods that perform useful operations for padding
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -197,7 +204,12 @@ notation. ::
Jack: 4098; Sjoerd: 4127; Dcab: 8637678

This is particularly useful in combination with the built-in function
:func:`vars`, which returns a dictionary containing all local variables.
:func:`vars`, which returns a dictionary containing all local variables. ::
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>>> table = {k: str(v) for k, v in vars().items()}
>>> message = " ".join([f'{k}: ' + '{' + k +'};' for k in table.keys()])
>>> print(message.format(**table))
__name__: __main__; __doc__: None; __package__: None; __loader__: ...

As an example, the following lines produce a tidily aligned
set of columns giving integers and their squares and cubes::
Expand Down